Abstract
This article presents the results of the analysis of the cognitive strategies used by young bachelor's degree graduates in their job search. These findings are part of a broader research aimed at explaining the different ways in which university graduates face the transition from university to the labor market, with an emphasis on socio-cognitive skills. The transition phenomenon involves investigating both the practices and the cognitive and social strategies used by graduates. To carry out the analysis, the narratives of the young people were collected from the moment they graduate until the first years after, when their insertion into the labor market occurs. In this sense, narratives related to insertion, permanence and job separation are analyzed. Coping narratives are defined as the discursive descriptions used by university graduates to express how they face a process of professional and personal transition. To carry out this research, semi-structured interviews and in-depth interviews were used from a qualitative approach. It is assumed that the recovery of information through discourse facilitates the generation of different lines of analysis and the emergence of different category systems based on the information obtained.
References
Akkermans, J., Nykänen, M., & Vuori, J. (2015). Practice makes perfect? Antecedents and consequences of an adaptive school-to-work transition. J. Vuori (eds.), Sustainable Working Lives, Aligning Perspectives on Health, Safety and Well-Being. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9798-6_5
Alleki, N. (2013). Skills management system for better school-to-work transitions in Africa. S. Majhanovich and M. A. Geo-JaJa (eds.), Economics. Aid and Education: The World Council of Comparative Education Societies. Sense Publishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-365-2_15
Andersson, B. A. (2021). Social capital and self-efficacy in the process of youth entry into the labour market: Evidence from a longitudinal study in Sweden. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100580.
Aschinger, F., Epstein, H., Müller, S., Schaeper, H., Vöttiner, A. & WeiB, T. (2011). Higher Education and the transition to work. Zeitschrift für ErziehungswissenschaftZ Erziehungswiss, 14, 267-282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-011-0190-7
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
Bandura, A. (1993). Perceived Self-Efficacy in Cognitive Development and Functioning. Educational Psychologist, 28(2), 117-148. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep2802_3
Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective. Annual Review Psychology, 52 (1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1
Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/07495978(91)90022-L
Berggren, C. (2011). Transition of higher education graduates to the labour market: are employment procedures more meritocratic in the public sector? Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 33(2), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2011.550031
Berzonsky, M. (2004). Identity processing style, self-construction, and personal epistemic assumptions: A social-cognitive perspective. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 1(4), 303-315. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405620444000120
Blustein, D. L. (1999). A match made in heaven? Career development theories and the school-to-work transition. The Career Quarterly, Vol. 47, 348-352. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1999.tb00743.x
Broschinski, S., Feldhaus, M., Assmann, M. L.&, Heidenreich, M. (2022). The role of family social capital in school-to-work transitions of young adults in Germany. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103790
Caspi, A., Wright, B. R. E., Moffitt, T. E., &y Silva, P. A. (1998). Early Failure in the Labor Market: Childhood and Adolescent Predictors of Unemployment in the Transition to Adulthood. American Sociological Review, 63(3), 424-451. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657557
Climent, J. (2010). Reflexiones sobre la educación basada en competencias. Revista complutense de educación, 21(1), 91–106. http://hdl.handle.net/11162/123888
Díaz Morales, J. y Sánchez-López, M. P. (2001). Relevancia de los estilos de personalidad y las metas personales en la predicción de la satisfacción vital. Anales de Psicología, 17(2), 151-158. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps
Fang, R. T. & Saks, A. (2022). A self-regulatory model of how future work selves change during job search and the school-to-work transition. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103783
Feregrino Basurto, M. A. y, & Cadena Pedraza, Y. T. (2022). Familia y sentidos de cuidado en la configuración de trayectorias ocupacionales. El caso de profesionistas egresados de la UNAM, México. Revista Latinoamericana de Antropología del Trabajo, 6(14), 1. https://ojs.ceil-conicet.gov.ar/index.php/lat/article/view/1046
Hirschi, A. (2010). The role of events in the school-to-work transition: the influence of demographic, personality and career development variables. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 77, 39-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.02.002
Hitlin, S. & Kirkpatrick Johnson, M. (2015). Reconceptualizing Agency within the Life Course: The Power of Looking Ahead. American Journal of Sociology, 120(5), 1429-1472. En https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/681216
Jallade, J. (1985). The Transition from School to Work Revisited. European Journal of Education, 20(2), 173-199. https://doi.org/10.2307/1502947
Knoke, D. (1999). “Organizational networks and corporate social capital.” En Leenders R. Th. & Gabbay S.M. (Eds.) Corporate social capital and liability (pp-17-20). Boston: Kluwer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5027-3_2
Koen, J., Klehe, U. & Van Vianen, A. (2012). Training career adaptability to facilitate school-to-work transition. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81, 395-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.10.003
Koivisto, P., Vuori, J. & Vinokur, A. D. (2010). Transition to work: effects of preparedness and goal construction on employment and depressive symptoms. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 20(4), 869-892. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00667.x
Komarraju, M. & Dial, C. (2014). Academic Identity, self-efficacy, and self-esteem predict self-determined motivation and goals. Learning and Individual Differences, 32, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2014.02.004
Komarraju, M. & Nadler, D. (2013). Self-efficacy and academic achievement: why do implicit beliefs, goals, and effort regulation matter? Learning and Individual Differences, 25, 67-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2013.01.005
Lent, R., Brown, S. & Hackett, G. (1994). Toward a Unifying Social Cognitive Theory of Career and Academic Interest, Choice, and Performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45(1), 79-122. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1994.1027
Lent, R., Hackett, G.& Brown, S. (1999). A social cognitive view of school-to-work transition. The Career Development Quarterly, 47, 297-311. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1999.tb00739.x
Lent, R. & Worthington, R. (1999). Applying career development theories to the School-to-Work transition process. The Career Development Quarterly, 47, 291-296. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1999.tb00738.x
Lin, N. (2001). Social capital: A theory of social structure and action. New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815447
Lin, N. (1999). Building a Network Theory of Social Capital. Connections, 22(1), 28-51.In Dubos, R. (Ed). Social Capital: Theory and Research (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315129457
Lindberg, M. (2008). Higher education-to-work transitions in the knowledge society: the initial transition and positional competition point of view. Higher Education in Europe, 33(4), 375-385. https://doi.org/10.1080/03797720802522577
Ng-Knight, T. &, Schoon, I. (2017). Can locus of control compensate for socioeconomic adversity in the transition from school to work? Journal Youth Adolescence, 46, 2114-2128. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10964-017-0720-6
Nießen, D., Wicht, A., Schoon, I. &, Lechner, C. M. (2022). “You can’t always get what you want”: Prevalence, magnitude, and predictors of the aspiration–attainment gap after the school-to-work transition. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2022.102091
Nurmi, J. E. & Salmela-Aro, K. (2002). Goal construction, reconstruction and depressive symptoms in a life span context: the transition from school to work. Journal of Personality, 70(3), 385-420. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.05009
Nurmi, J. E., Salmela-Aro, K. & Koivisto, P. (2002). Goal importance and related achievement beliefs and emotions during the transition from vocational school to work: antecedents and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavor, 60, 241-261. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1866
Okolie, U. (2022). Work placement learning and students' readiness for school-to-work transition: Do perceived employability and faculty supervisor support matter?. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103805
Packard, B. W., Leach, M., Ruiz, Y., Nelson, C. & DiCocco, H. (2012). School-to-Work Transition of Career and Technical Education Graduates. The Career Development Quarterly, 60, 134-144. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2012.00011.x
Parola, A., Marcionetti, J., Sica, L. S., Donsì, L. (2022). The effects of a non-adaptive school-to-work transition on transition to adulthood, time perspective and internalizing and externalizing problems. Current Psychology https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03605-x
Pinquart, M., Juang, L. & Silbereisen, R. (2003). Self-efficacy and successful school-to-work transition: a longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63, 329-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00031-3
Rosenbaum, J., Kariya, T., Settersten, R., Maier, T. (1990). Market and Network Theories of the Transition from High School to Work: Their Application to Industrialized Societies. Annual Review of Sociology, 16, 263-299. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.16.080190.001403
Ruvalcaba-Coyaso, J., Maza, O. y García, A. (2013). Inserción, estancia y separación: resultados de la trayectoria laboral de un grupo de profesionistas. Uaricha Revista de Psicología, 10(21), 78-96. http://www.revistauaricha.umich.mx/index.php/urp/article/view/112
Salas-Velasco, M. (2007). The transition from higher education to employment in Europe: the analysis of the time to obtain the first job. Higher Education, 54(3), 333-360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-006-9000-1
Savickas, M. (1999). The transition from school to work: a developmental perspective. The Career Development Quarterly, 47, 326-336. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1999.tb00741.x
Staff, J. &Mortimer, J. T. (2008). Social class background and the school-to-work transition. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 119, 55-69. https://doi.org/10.1002/cd.209
Teichler, U. (2004). The Changing Debate on Internationalization of Higher Education. Higher Education, 48(1), 5-26. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HIGH.0000033771.69078.41
Tilbury, C., Creed, P., Buys, N. & Crawford, M. (2011). The school to work transition for young people in state care: perspectives from young people, carers and professionals. Child and Familiar Social Work, 16, 345-352. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2206.2010.00749.x
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Civilizar